Regulator for recoil mechanisms or buffers



April 2, 1929. H. c. ZIMMERMAN REGULATOR F'OR RECOIL MECHANISMS 0RBUFFERS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 16, 1924 INVENTOR H arr1 EZimmerman i I 'il latented .Apr, 2, 192a.

a v. The 'inventiondescribed herein, if patented, 1 maybe manufacturedand used by or for'the Government for governmental purposes withoutthepayment to me of any royalty thereon."f

v The subject of this invention is a regulator I for'recoil mechanismsorbuffers; In recoil mechanisms of thehydro-pneumatictype, it has beencustomary to position j the throttling valve of'the regulator assemblyperpendicularlywith respect to the receiving cylinder orfchamber. Thisarrangement ne- 1 Tce'ssitate's the fabrication of an irregular cradlebody which includes the receiving chambe'r'and also requires drillingtheirreg- J ularpo rtion of'the cradle to receive the transverse-1ydisposed elements of the regulator .mechanism; g t I Obviousdifficulties in forgingand machining and alsoin assembling anddismantling .7 I together with the additional weight incident thereto.have led to the present improvement which contemplates disposingthevalve mechanism .Ilongitudinally Within the regulator body so thatthe assembly may readily beinserte'd and removed as av cartridge, Whilegreatly facilitating the forging operation in constructing the cradle.The invention, furether, aims to have the'valves receive from anddischarge into a common orifice in the regulator body,whicharrangementis a great convenience in forming the regulator body of a 7 V valve andthe return valve and sleeve.

lator in place is provided with an oil filling Q valve "to permitreplenishing of the oil supply oil reserve an oil gauge is slidablycarried by the regulator body'and the cylinder 'head and is adapted tobe moved rearwardly by the floating: pistoni ofthe counterrecoil groupwhen the oil. reserve is depleted.-

To these and other ends, my invention eoncombination of elements,described hereinafter and pointed out in the claims forming a 1 part ofthis specificationQ YA practical embodiment oflny invention invvhich,.".r v 1 and 1" are longitudinal horizontal sectional vie ws takenthroughthe regulator fassembly "well knownmannen' single member for housingboth the intake for reserve. For indicating the measure of the sists inthe construction, arrangement, and

50,"is illustrated in the accompanying drawings,

' Y :HARRYU: ZIMMERMAN, or wasnineron, :orsrnrcr or C LUMBIA;

REGULATOR FOR :e'ncorn MECHANISMS on Bursaries; replication filed Setember 16, 1924; serial No. 738,073.

GRANTED UNDER THE Aer Mama 3,1833, As AMENDED APRIL 30,1928; 370 o e.757.)

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view through thecradle; f i gig. 3 is aplan vieW of theregulator body; an 7 Fig. 4.- is a side elevationthereof;

F 5 is a front View thereof;

Fig. 6 is' asectional View on line 6-6 of Fig. 5;and. i f Fig. 7 is arearvie'w thereof.

' Referring to the drawings by numeralsof reference: ,5; V g i HAccording to the invention, a gun cradle 11.

symmetrical throughouh is formed. with a I plurality 'of longitudinalchambers desig nated respectively, the recoil chamber 12which-receives'the piston of the recoil mecha-' nism, the recuperatororreceiving chamber 13 I and the reserve chamber 14 which may bepartitioned tocontain'both an oil and an air reserves The dividing wallbetween the recoil and the recuperator; chambers is formed with anaperture 15 so that the oil from the recoil chamber may be forced into'therec eiving chamber during recoil of the gun and returned theretoduring counterrecoil 'infj a Positioned in the receiving chamber 13' isaregulator body 16 held against an annular shoulder in the chamber-by ablock 17, which constitutes the rear closure for the chamber. Theregulator body is formed with a central longitudinalbore 18 of variablediameter. from which radiates an orifice 19, aligned with the aperture15 in the dividing wall an d The cylinder head which holds the reign--serving to establish a rear and front section of the regulator bodywithin which the intake and return valves forjthereceivingchamberarelocated. i

In the rear section is an'intake throttling valve 20, formed with acollar 21 for limiting its forward movement in a liner22. I Surroundingthe valve stem is a spring23 con fined between thecollar-Qland a springseat 24 which closes the bore and l-imitsrearvvard movement of the.'valve.' A pilot 25 and a bushing 26, also serve to guide the valve itsmovement, The valve in add tion to hat ing the conventional prongs 27 isformed with a central passage 28 having a restricted opening 29flandradially. disposed ports 30 for initial throttling action while thepassage 28 'may also convey oil to thefports 31 for the purpose oflubricating' the moving parts. Passing transversely through the cutawayThe forward section of the bore l 8 constitutes a buffer valve-*chamber' '33 in the rear mouth of which adjacent the orifice 19 ismounted a'valve body Bethaying avalve 38 on afloating iston 39 duringthe.

providing space seat and a return orbuffer valveH36 ber is a bushing 37through which a butler final stage of counterrecoil of the gun torestrict the opening and decreasethe counterrecoil velocity as thegun,approaches'battery. The major portion of the buffer section of theregulator body is; in the form of a reduced extension centered byxw'ings40-and serving to increase the, areaofthe chanib'er wile an oil gauge.The oil gauge adapted 'tojbe moved rearwardly by the floating piston3'9w1'1en the ,oilreserve is de leted. A mg 42 on therear end or the"rod alt reade'dly receives auxiliary rode?) slidable in the block andthe free end of whichis' formed with a head lf l whose position withrespect'to'a recess 45 in the block indicates the measure of the oilreserve. "lln lu'g'which islocated in the largecounterbored rear end ofthe regulator body acts asla stop for the gauge which is urgedforwardlyib'ya spring 46 c onfined between the regulator-body and acollar 46 onthe rod 4 1;.

The block 17, held' 'in place by a follower 4:7, is formed with alongitudinal passage merit of a pump for adding oil to the chamber.nels'52 in the regulator body'(see Figs; 3 to 7), the'channels beingtapped for the reception of a tool forfextracting the body. 'The rim ofthe rear end of the regulator body may be slotted as at 53to provide aninlet from, a communicating passage ,54 leading to the r "oil-reservoir.i

During recoilof the gun theoil in the re coil 'chamberis forced by thepiston through c the aperture 15 and orifice 19 when it enters 'jthereceiving chamber through the throttling valve 20 and moves the"floating piston 39-for- 'wardly against pressure.

'counterre'c'oil the oil is forced through the buffer valve chamber 33,and is ,throttled by "the butter 7 Valve 36 on return to the recoilchamber throi'i'gh the orifice 19. During the final sta'ge ofcounterrecoiLfthe bufierj38 emegsrhe barfer chamber-'33 torestricttheepening so that for conveniently mounting V consists of arodlipassing longitudinally through the rear portion and one oft'hewings 40 of the regulator body and The'oil is free to pass throughch'a'n-' the gunmay ieasedfintobatterv. If a,

proper foil reserve shas' been-established the floating piston will bemoved further .to the head f I v rear striking therod 41 andextrudingthe. v Threaded into thelfrontmouth of the-sham v While in the foregoingthere has been illuse sa dens described such combination and floatingpiston will be' stopped beforestrikjing the, rod ll of thegoiljgauge.Gonsequentj ly, when the head 440i the gauge remains .in its recessl45it is an-indication that the oil reserve is sufiicient, If notsuificienhthe arrangement of elements as constitute the preerredembodirri'ent of .my' invention, it is nevertheless desired to emphasizethe 'fact that interpretation of the invention should the subjoinedclaims: V i c i i w a 1.,,,A regulating device/for the new {of 1 only beconclusive when made in the. lightof ulator body in said chamberforrnedwith an orifice, an in'take'and a returnvalve disposedlongitu'dinally'in said body at either side of the orifice; a block forclosing said ieh'amber andfo'r'retaining the regulator body inplace," 'L

filling "valve disposed longitudina block, and an oil gauge passingthro'u'gh the regulator body and block and movable t e n-31 I 2 y.

-2. 'A regulating device for the flow of liquid in ordnance buffersembodying a re- 'c'ei'ving chamber 'havingan aperture, a regulator bodyin said chamber formed with an orifice, an intake and a return valvedisposed v longitudinally in 'said body at either slde of the orifice; ablock for closing said chamber V and for retaining the regulator body inand a' fillingvalve disposed longitudinally in said block. 5

lace,

y insaid j 3.- A regulating device for the eflow 0f liquid in ordnancebuffers embodyingi'a reiCQIVIIIg ChaIIIlJQI having an aperture, a reg- II orifice, an intake and a return valve in-said V ulator body in saidchamber formed with an body at either si'de of the orificepa block forclosing said chamber and for retaining the regulator body in, place,and'a filling valve' disposed longitudinally in said block.

4,'A regulating device for the flow of liquid in ordnance-buffersembodying a reeewin'g; chamber; a regulator b dy having a common inletan'd outlet orifice, an intal're valvelat'the'refar end of said orifice,'a'return valve at the front of saidorifice; said .body 7 formed with atransverse passage leading to the receiving chamber and a longitudinalpassage extending tothe rear of the body, a block in Iearjofithiefregulatorbody, a filling adjacent counterbored portions. regulatorincluding a body formed valve insa'idblock, and said bl'oekand body I as1 liquid in ordnance bufier's embodyingja rein the rearsection of thebore, a return valve inthe front section thereof, said body also formedwith a transverse passage and an inr tersecting longitudinal passage forestablishing communication through the body.

.6.'A regulator-including a body formed With a centrallongitudinal boreand having can orifice radial to said bore an intake and a I returnvalve in'thebore at either side of the [radiall -orifice, and said bodyfurther formed :With a transverse passage for establishing outlet forthe intake valve.

7. A regulator including a body ywith an'orifice, and an intake and'areturn b valve disposed longitudinally in the body on either side,thereof. T

formed 8.7A. regulator including-a body formed With a common intake andreturn orifiee and an intake and return valve'at e ther slde thereof.

i v 9. A regulator including a body having an intake and a return valve,a block for holding the body in place, means mounted for reciprocationin the block and body for indicating pressure, and means for limitingforward movement of said means. I

10. A regulator including a body formed With a common intake and returnorifice and an intake and return valve carried Wholly Within thebody.

HARRY o. ZIMMERMAN.

